NOT RELIABLE: Wide variation in odour threshold values. Smell may not be noticed after short exposure. Slight eye irritation at 100 - 400 ppm.
How can I work with toluene safely?
This material is a FLAMMABLE AND TOXIC LIQUID. Before handling, it is very important that engineering controls are operating and that protective equipment requirements are being followed. People working with this chemical should be properly trained regarding its hazards and its safe use.
Eliminate all ignition sources (e.g. sparks, open flames, hot surfaces). Keep away from heat. Post NO SMOKING signs. It is very important to keep areas where this material is used clear of other materials which can burn. Liquid can accumulate charge. Increase conductivity with additive designed for that purpose, reduce flow rate in transfer operations, increase time the liquid remains in transfer piping and/or handle at lower temperature. Electrically ground all drums, transfer vessels, hoses and piping. Ground clips must contact bare metal. When dispensing in other than a closed system, ensure dispensing container is bonded to receiving transfer equipment and container.
Never perform any welding, cutting, soldering, drilling or other hot work on an empty vessel, container or piping until all liquid and vapours have been cleared. To reduce the fire/explosion hazard, consider the use of an inert gas in the container or storage vessel. Use non-sparking ventilation systems, approved explosion-proof equipment and intrinsically safe electrical systems in areas of use. Keep aisles and exits free of obstruction. For large scale operations, consider the installation of leak and fire detection equipment along with a suitable, automatic fire suppression system.
Avoid generating vapours or mists. Prevent the release of vapours and mists into the workplace air. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, if necessary, to avoid contact with this chemical and any contaminated equipment.
Use in smallest possible amounts in a well ventilated area separate from the storage area. Do not use with incompatible materials such as strong oxidizing agents (e.g. peroxides, nitrates and perchlorates). These can increase the risk of fire and explosion.
To avoid splashing, carefully dispense into sturdy containers made of compatible materials. Never transfer liquids by pressurizing the original shipping containers with air or inert gas. Do not dispense in storage area unless dispensing area is segregated by fire-resistant construction. Only use portable containers and dispensing equipment (faucet, pump, drip can) approved for flammable liquids. Never return contaminated material to its original container. Label containers. Keep containers closed when not in use. Avoid damaging containers. Empty containers may contain hazardous residues.
Follow handling precautions on Material Safety Data Sheet. Practice good housekeeping. Maintain handling equipment. Comply with applicable regulations.
What can be done to control hazardous conditions?
Engineering methods to control hazardous conditions are preferred. Methods include mechanical ventilation (dilution and local exhaust), process or personnel enclosure, control of process conditions, and process modification (e.g. substitution of a less hazardous material). Administrative controls and personal protective equipment may also be required. Use a non- sparking, grounded ventilation system separate from other exhaust ventilation systems. Exhaust directly to the outside, taking necessary precautions for environmental protection.
When there is large scale use of this material, local exhaust ventilation with or without process enclosure may be necessary. Supply sufficient replacement air to make up for air removed by exhaust systems.